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        <a href="../.." >Object 对象的相关方法</a>
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                                <section class="normal markdown-section">
                                
                                <h1 id="object-&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;">Object &#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;</h1>
<p>JavaScript &#x5728;<code>Object</code>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#xFF0C;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;&#x5F88;&#x591A;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x9762;&#x5411;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x7684;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;&#x672C;&#x7AE0;&#x4ECB;&#x7ECD;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="objectgetprototypeof">Object.getPrototypeOf()</h2>
<p><code>Object.getPrototypeOf</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x662F;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x6807;&#x51C6;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> F = <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{};
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> f = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> F();
<span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.getPrototypeOf(f) === F.prototype <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;<code>f</code>&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x662F;<code>F.prototype</code>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x662F;&#x51E0;&#x79CD;&#x7279;&#x6B8A;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-comment">// &#x7A7A;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x662F; Object.prototype</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.getPrototypeOf({}) === <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.prototype <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>

<span class="hljs-comment">// Object.prototype &#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x662F; null</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.getPrototypeOf(<span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.prototype) === <span class="hljs-literal">null</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>

<span class="hljs-comment">// &#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x662F; Function.prototype</span>
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">f</span>(<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{}
<span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.getPrototypeOf(f) === <span class="hljs-built_in">Function</span>.prototype <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="objectsetprototypeof">Object.setPrototypeOf()</h2>
<p><code>Object.setPrototypeOf</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E3A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x8BE5;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x3002;&#x5B83;&#x63A5;&#x53D7;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x662F;&#x73B0;&#x6709;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x7B2C;&#x4E8C;&#x4E2A;&#x662F;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> a = {};
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> b = {x: <span class="hljs-number">1</span>};
<span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.setPrototypeOf(a, b);

<span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.getPrototypeOf(a) === b <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
a.x <span class="hljs-comment">// 1</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;<code>Object.setPrototypeOf</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x5C06;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;<code>a</code>&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;<code>b</code>&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;<code>a</code>&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5171;&#x4EAB;<code>b</code>&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x3002;</p>
<p><code>new</code>&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>Object.setPrototypeOf</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x6A21;&#x62DF;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> F = <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>.foo = <span class="hljs-string">&apos;bar&apos;</span>;
};

<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> f = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> F();
<span class="hljs-comment">// &#x7B49;&#x540C;&#x4E8E;</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> f = <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.setPrototypeOf({}, F.prototype);
F.call(f);
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;<code>new</code>&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x65B0;&#x5EFA;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x5B9E;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5206;&#x6210;&#x4E24;&#x6B65;&#x3002;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x6B65;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7A7A;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x8BBE;&#x4E3A;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7684;<code>prototype</code>&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF08;&#x4E0A;&#x4F8B;&#x662F;<code>F.prototype</code>&#xFF09;&#xFF1B;&#x7B2C;&#x4E8C;&#x6B65;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5185;&#x90E8;&#x7684;<code>this</code>&#x7ED1;&#x5B9A;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x7A7A;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x5F97;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x5728;<code>this</code>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x548C;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF08;&#x4E0A;&#x4F8B;&#x662F;<code>this.foo</code>&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x90FD;&#x8F6C;&#x79FB;&#x5230;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x7A7A;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x4E0A;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="objectcreate">Object.create()</h2>
<p>&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x5E38;&#x7528;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x662F;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>new</code>&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x8BA9;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x3002;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x5F88;&#x591A;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x80FD;&#x62FF;&#x5230;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x6839;&#x672C;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x7531;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x80FD;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x4ECE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x53E6;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x5462;&#xFF1F;</p>
<p>JavaScript &#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;<code>Object.create</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x6EE1;&#x8DB3;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x9700;&#x6C42;&#x3002;&#x8BE5;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x63A5;&#x53D7;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x4EE5;&#x5B83;&#x4E3A;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x3002;&#x8BE5;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5B8C;&#x5168;&#x7EE7;&#x627F;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-comment">// &#x539F;&#x578B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> A = {
  print: <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{
    <span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;hello&apos;</span>);
  }
};

<span class="hljs-comment">// &#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> B = <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.create(A);

<span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.getPrototypeOf(B) === A <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
B.print() <span class="hljs-comment">// hello</span>
B.print === A.print <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;<code>Object.create</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4EE5;<code>A</code>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x4E3A;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x4E86;<code>B</code>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x3002;<code>B</code>&#x7EE7;&#x627F;&#x4E86;<code>A</code>&#x7684;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x548C;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;<code>Object.create</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7528;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4EE3;&#x66FF;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword">typeof</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.create !== <span class="hljs-string">&apos;function&apos;</span>) {
  <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.create = <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params">obj</span>) </span>{
    <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">F</span>(<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{}
    F.prototype = obj;
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> F();
  };
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x8868;&#x660E;&#xFF0C;<code>Object.create</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x5B9E;&#x8D28;&#x662F;&#x65B0;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7A7A;&#x7684;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;<code>F</code>&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x8BA9;<code>F.prototype</code>&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x6307;&#x5411;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;<code>obj</code>&#xFF0C;&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;<code>F</code>&#x7684;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x800C;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x8BA9;&#x8BE5;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x7EE7;&#x627F;<code>obj</code>&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x4E09;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#x65B0;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x662F;&#x7B49;&#x4EF7;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> obj1 = <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.create({});
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> obj2 = <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.create(<span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.prototype);
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> obj3 = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>();
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60F3;&#x8981;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4E0D;&#x7EE7;&#x627F;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF08;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;<code>toString</code>&#x548C;<code>valueOf</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF09;&#x7684;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5C06;<code>Object.create</code>&#x7684;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x8BBE;&#x4E3A;<code>null</code>&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> obj = <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.create(<span class="hljs-literal">null</span>);

obj.valueOf()
<span class="hljs-comment">// TypeError: Object [object Object] has no method &apos;valueOf&apos;</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;<code>obj</code>&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x662F;<code>null</code>&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x5177;&#x5907;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x5728;<code>Object.prototype</code>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;<code>valueOf</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>Object.create</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x4E3A;&#x7A7A;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x4F1A;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.create()
<span class="hljs-comment">// TypeError: Object prototype may only be an Object or null</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.create(<span class="hljs-number">123</span>)
<span class="hljs-comment">// TypeError: Object prototype may only be an Object or null</span>
</code></pre>
<p><code>Object.create</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#x65B0;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x52A8;&#x6001;&#x7EE7;&#x627F;&#x4E86;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x4E0A;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x6216;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x7ACB;&#x523B;&#x53CD;&#x6620;&#x5728;&#x65B0;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x4E4B;&#x4E0A;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> obj1 = { p: <span class="hljs-number">1</span> };
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> obj2 = <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.create(obj1);

obj1.p = <span class="hljs-number">2</span>;
obj2.p <span class="hljs-comment">// 2</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x539F;&#x578B;<code>obj1</code>&#x4F1A;&#x5F71;&#x54CD;&#x5230;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;<code>obj2</code>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x9664;&#x4E86;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;<code>Object.create</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8FD8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x63A5;&#x53D7;&#x7B2C;&#x4E8C;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x3002;&#x8BE5;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x6240;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x7684;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x5230;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x8BE5;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x81EA;&#x8EAB;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> obj = <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.create({}, {
  p1: {
    value: <span class="hljs-number">123</span>,
    enumerable: <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>,
    configurable: <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>,
    writable: <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>,
  },
  p2: {
    value: <span class="hljs-string">&apos;abc&apos;</span>,
    enumerable: <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>,
    configurable: <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>,
    writable: <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>,
  }
});

<span class="hljs-comment">// &#x7B49;&#x540C;&#x4E8E;</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> obj = <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.create({});
obj.p1 = <span class="hljs-number">123</span>;
obj.p2 = <span class="hljs-string">&apos;abc&apos;</span>;
</code></pre>
<p><code>Object.create</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x7EE7;&#x627F;&#x4E86;&#x5B83;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">A</span>(<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{}
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> a = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> A();
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> b = <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.create(a);

b.constructor === A <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
b <span class="hljs-keyword">instanceof</span> A <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;<code>b</code>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x662F;<code>a</code>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x7EE7;&#x627F;&#x4E86;<code>a</code>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;<code>A</code>&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="objectprototypeisprototypeof">Object.prototype.isPrototypeOf()</h2>
<p>&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;<code>isPrototypeOf</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x5224;&#x65AD;&#x8BE5;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x4E3A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> o1 = {};
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> o2 = <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.create(o1);
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> o3 = <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.create(o2);

o2.isPrototypeOf(o3) <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
o1.isPrototypeOf(o3) <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;<code>o1</code>&#x548C;<code>o2</code>&#x90FD;&#x662F;<code>o3</code>&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x8868;&#x660E;&#x53EA;&#x8981;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x5904;&#x5728;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x94FE;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;<code>isPrototypeOf</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x90FD;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;<code>true</code>&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.prototype.isPrototypeOf({}) <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.prototype.isPrototypeOf([]) <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.prototype.isPrototypeOf(<span class="hljs-regexp">/xyz/</span>) <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.prototype.isPrototypeOf(<span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.create(<span class="hljs-literal">null</span>)) <span class="hljs-comment">// false</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x7531;&#x4E8E;<code>Object.prototype</code>&#x5904;&#x4E8E;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x94FE;&#x7684;&#x6700;&#x9876;&#x7AEF;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x5BF9;&#x5404;&#x79CD;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x90FD;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;<code>true</code>&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x7EE7;&#x627F;&#x81EA;<code>null</code>&#x7684;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x9664;&#x5916;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="objectprototypeproto">Object.prototype.__proto__</h2>
<p>&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;<code>__proto__</code>&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF08;&#x524D;&#x540E;&#x5404;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x4E0B;&#x5212;&#x7EBF;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x8BE5;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x3002;&#x8BE5;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x53EF;&#x8BFB;&#x5199;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> obj = {};
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> p = {};

obj.__proto__ = p;
<span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.getPrototypeOf(obj) === p <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;<code>__proto__</code>&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;<code>p</code>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x8BBE;&#x4E3A;<code>obj</code>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x6807;&#x51C6;&#xFF0C;<code>__proto__</code>&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x624D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x3002;&#x5B83;&#x524D;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x4E24;&#x6839;&#x4E0B;&#x5212;&#x7EBF;&#xFF0C;&#x8868;&#x660E;&#x5B83;&#x672C;&#x8D28;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5185;&#x90E8;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x5BF9;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x8005;&#x66B4;&#x9732;&#x3002;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#xFF0C;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x5C3D;&#x91CF;&#x5C11;&#x7528;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x662F;&#x7528;<code>Object.getPrototypeOf()</code>&#x548C;<code>Object.setPrototypeOf()</code>&#xFF0C;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x8BFB;&#x5199;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x94FE;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7528;<code>__proto__</code>&#x5F88;&#x76F4;&#x89C2;&#x5730;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> A = {
  name: <span class="hljs-string">&apos;&#x5F20;&#x4E09;&apos;</span>
};
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> B = {
  name: <span class="hljs-string">&apos;&#x674E;&#x56DB;&apos;</span>
};

<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> proto = {
  print: <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{
    <span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>.name);
  }
};

A.__proto__ = proto;
B.__proto__ = proto;

A.print() <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x5F20;&#x4E09;</span>
B.print() <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x674E;&#x56DB;</span>

A.print === B.print <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
A.print === proto.print <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
B.print === proto.print <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;<code>A</code>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x548C;<code>B</code>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x90FD;&#x662F;<code>proto</code>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x90FD;&#x5171;&#x4EAB;<code>proto</code>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;<code>print</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;<code>A</code>&#x548C;<code>B</code>&#x7684;<code>print</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x5728;&#x8C03;&#x7528;<code>proto</code>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;<code>print</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;">&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;</h2>
<p>&#x5982;&#x524D;&#x6240;&#x8FF0;&#xFF0C;<code>__proto__</code>&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x6307;&#x5411;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7684;<code>prototype</code>&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> obj = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>();

obj.__proto__ === <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.prototype
<span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
obj.__proto__ === obj.constructor.prototype
<span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x9996;&#x5148;&#x65B0;&#x5EFA;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;<code>obj</code>&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x7684;<code>__proto__</code>&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x6307;&#x5411;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF08;<code>Object</code>&#x6216;<code>obj.constructor</code>&#xFF09;&#x7684;<code>prototype</code>&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#xFF0C;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;<code>obj</code>&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x6709;&#x4E09;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</p>
<ul>
<li><code>obj.__proto__</code></li>
<li><code>obj.constructor.prototype</code></li>
<li><code>Object.getPrototypeOf(obj)</code></li>
</ul>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4E09;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E4B;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x524D;&#x4E24;&#x79CD;&#x90FD;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x5F88;&#x53EF;&#x9760;&#x3002;<code>__proto__</code>&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x624D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0D;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x3002;&#x800C;<code>obj.constructor.prototype</code>&#x5728;&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x6539;&#x53D8;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x5931;&#x6548;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> P = <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{};
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> p = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> P();

<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> C = <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params"></span>) </span>{};
C.prototype = p;
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> c = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> C();

c.constructor.prototype === p <span class="hljs-comment">// false</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;<code>C</code>&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x88AB;&#x6539;&#x6210;&#x4E86;<code>p</code>&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;<code>c.constructor.prototype</code>&#x5374;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x6307;&#x5411;<code>p</code>&#x3002;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x6539;&#x53D8;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x8981;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;<code>constructor</code>&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript">C.prototype = p;
C.prototype.constructor = C;

<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> c = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> C();
c.constructor.prototype === p <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#xFF0C;&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7B2C;&#x4E09;&#x79CD;<code>Object.getPrototypeOf</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="objectgetownpropertynames">Object.getOwnPropertyNames()</h2>
<p><code>Object.getOwnPropertyNames</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#x7EC4;&#xFF0C;&#x6210;&#x5458;&#x662F;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x672C;&#x8EAB;&#x7684;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x7684;&#x952E;&#x540D;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x7EE7;&#x627F;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x952E;&#x540D;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.getOwnPropertyNames(<span class="hljs-built_in">Date</span>)
<span class="hljs-comment">// [&quot;parse&quot;, &quot;arguments&quot;, &quot;UTC&quot;, &quot;caller&quot;, &quot;name&quot;, &quot;prototype&quot;, &quot;now&quot;, &quot;length&quot;]</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;<code>Object.getOwnPropertyNames</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;<code>Date</code>&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x81EA;&#x8EAB;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x540D;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x672C;&#x8EAB;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x4E4B;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6709;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x904D;&#x5386;&#x7684;&#xFF08;enumerable&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x6709;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x904D;&#x5386;&#x7684;&#x3002;<code>Object.getOwnPropertyNames</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x952E;&#x540D;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x7BA1;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x904D;&#x5386;&#x3002;&#x53EA;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x90A3;&#x4E9B;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x904D;&#x5386;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>Object.keys</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.keys(<span class="hljs-built_in">Date</span>) <span class="hljs-comment">// []</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x8868;&#x660E;&#xFF0C;<code>Date</code>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x81EA;&#x8EAB;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x904D;&#x5386;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="objectprototypehasownproperty">Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty()</h2>
<p>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x7684;<code>hasOwnProperty</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5E03;&#x5C14;&#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x5224;&#x65AD;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x5728;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x81EA;&#x8EAB;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x5728;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x94FE;&#x4E0A;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-built_in">Date</span>.hasOwnProperty(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;length&apos;</span>) <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in">Date</span>.hasOwnProperty(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;toString&apos;</span>) <span class="hljs-comment">// false</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x8868;&#x660E;&#xFF0C;<code>Date.length</code>&#xFF08;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;<code>Date</code>&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x63A5;&#x53D7;&#x591A;&#x5C11;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF09;&#x662F;<code>Date</code>&#x81EA;&#x8EAB;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;<code>Date.toString</code>&#x662F;&#x7EE7;&#x627F;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x53E6;&#x5916;&#xFF0C;<code>hasOwnProperty</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x662F; JavaScript &#x4E4B;&#x4E2D;&#x552F;&#x4E00;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x904D;&#x5386;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x94FE;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="in-&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;&#x548C;-forin-&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;">in &#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;&#x548C; for...in &#x5FAA;&#x73AF;</h2>
<p><code>in</code>&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5E03;&#x5C14;&#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x3002;&#x5B83;&#x4E0D;&#x533A;&#x5206;&#x8BE5;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x662F;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x81EA;&#x8EAB;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x7EE7;&#x627F;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-string">&apos;length&apos;</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">Date</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
<span class="hljs-string">&apos;toString&apos;</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">Date</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// true</span>
</code></pre>
<p><code>in</code>&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;&#x5E38;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x83B7;&#x5F97;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x53EF;&#x904D;&#x5386;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF08;&#x4E0D;&#x7BA1;&#x662F;&#x81EA;&#x8EAB;&#x7684;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x7EE7;&#x627F;&#x7684;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>for...in</code>&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> o1 = { p1: <span class="hljs-number">123</span> };

<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> o2 = <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.create(o1, {
  p2: { value: <span class="hljs-string">&quot;abc&quot;</span>, enumerable: <span class="hljs-literal">true</span> }
});

<span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> (p <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> o2) {
  <span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.info(p);
}
<span class="hljs-comment">// p2</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// p1</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;<code>o2</code>&#x7684;<code>p2</code>&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x662F;&#x81EA;&#x8EAB;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;<code>p1</code>&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x662F;&#x7EE7;&#x627F;&#x7684;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x90FD;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;<code>for...in</code>&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x904D;&#x5386;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x5728;<code>for...in</code>&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x4E2D;&#x83B7;&#x5F97;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x81EA;&#x8EAB;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x91C7;&#x7528;<code>hasOwnProperty</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x5224;&#x65AD;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> ( <span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> name <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> object ) {
  <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> ( object.hasOwnProperty(name) ) {
    <span class="hljs-comment">/* loop code */</span>
  }
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x83B7;&#x5F97;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF08;&#x4E0D;&#x7BA1;&#x662F;&#x81EA;&#x8EAB;&#x7684;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x7EE7;&#x627F;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x4E0D;&#x7BA1;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x53EF;&#x679A;&#x4E3E;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">inheritedPropertyNames</span>(<span class="hljs-params">obj</span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> props = {};
  <span class="hljs-keyword">while</span>(obj) {
    <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.getOwnPropertyNames(obj).forEach(<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span>(<span class="hljs-params">p</span>) </span>{
      props[p] = <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>;
    });
    obj = <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.getPrototypeOf(obj);
  }
  <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.getOwnPropertyNames(props);
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4F9D;&#x6B21;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;<code>obj</code>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x6BCF;&#x4E00;&#x7EA7;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x201C;&#x81EA;&#x8EAB;&#x201D;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x800C;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;<code>obj</code>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x201C;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x201D;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x7BA1;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x53EF;&#x904D;&#x5386;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#xFF0C;&#x5217;&#x51FA;<code>Date</code>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript">inheritedPropertyNames(<span class="hljs-built_in">Date</span>)
<span class="hljs-comment">// [</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">//  &quot;caller&quot;,</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">//  &quot;constructor&quot;,</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">//  &quot;toString&quot;,</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">//  &quot;UTC&quot;,</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">//  ...</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// ]</span>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;">&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;</h2>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x8981;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x505A;&#x5230;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x4E24;&#x4EF6;&#x4E8B;&#x60C5;&#x3002;</p>
<ul>
<li>&#x786E;&#x4FDD;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0E;&#x539F;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x540C;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x578B;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x786E;&#x4FDD;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0E;&#x539F;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x540C;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4E24;&#x70B9;&#xFF0C;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">copyObject</span>(<span class="hljs-params">orig</span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> copy = <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.create(<span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.getPrototypeOf(orig));
  copyOwnPropertiesFrom(copy, orig);
  <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> copy;
}

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">copyOwnPropertiesFrom</span>(<span class="hljs-params">target, source</span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>
    .getOwnPropertyNames(source)
    .forEach(<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> (<span class="hljs-params">propKey</span>) </span>{
      <span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> desc = <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(source, propKey);
      <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.defineProperty(target, propKey, desc);
    });
  <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> target;
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x53E6;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x66F4;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;&#x5199;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x662F;&#x5229;&#x7528; ES2017 &#x624D;&#x5F15;&#x5165;&#x6807;&#x51C6;&#x7684;<code>Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">copyObject</span>(<span class="hljs-params">orig</span>) </span>{
  <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.create(
    <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.getPrototypeOf(orig),
    <span class="hljs-built_in">Object</span>.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(orig)
  );
}
</code></pre>
<h2 id="&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#x94FE;&#x63A5;">&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#x94FE;&#x63A5;</h2>
<ul>
<li>Dr. Axel Rauschmayer, <a href="http://www.2ality.com/2011/07/js-properties.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">JavaScript properties: inheritance and enumerability</a></li>
</ul>




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